NCFE Dental Nursing Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which task must be carried out daily when manually processing radiographs?
• Which body organ can be irreparably damaged by exposure to mercury?
• Which term describes the item placed in the patient's mouth before exposure to ionising radiation?
• Which factor is critical in the prevention of workplace-associated infections?
• What is the primary purpose of personal protective equipment (PPE) in a dental setting?
• Which structure primarily undergoes changes in shape during orthodontic treatment?
• Which one of the following is the most likely presentation of an early carious area in a tooth?
• When an adult casualty starts to choke, what is the first action the rescuer should perform?
• What safety precaution must be followed while replenishing the automatic processor chemical tanks?
• Which one of the following options is the description of a class V cavity in a tooth?
• When setting up the surgery for an orthodontic fixed appliance fit appointment, which item must the dental nurse set out to assist in the completion of the procedure?
• What is the purpose of intensifying screens in radiography?
• Which blood vessel supplies the majority of the oxygenated blood to the oral cavity?
• Which one of the following instruments is specifically used to remove calculus from the interproximal areas of teeth?
• Various matrix systems are available for use during tooth restoration to ensure that filling materials remain in the cavity during setting. Which one of the following types of matrix system is most likely to be used when placing a composite filling in a class III cavity?
• Which group of signs indicates that a casualty has suffered a cardiac arrest?
• Which material is commonly used by dental teams to take impressions for study models?
• Which oral lesion is caused by an infection with Candida albicans?
• If a periapical view shows the tooth apex off the top of the film, what is this fault called?
• What specifically indicates a BPE score of 3 during a periodontal assessment?
• Which option is not one of the body's natural lines of defence against bacterial infections?
• Which of the following conditions affecting oral soft tissues is not considered premalignant?
• What is the purpose of using an intra-oral film holder when taking a horizontal bitewing view?
• Radiation monitoring badges must be worn by the dental staff when a set number of intra-oral and/or extra-oral radiographs are exceeded in a week. What are the set numbers above which these monitoring devices must be in use?
• Which of the following diseases must all clinical dental personnel be vaccinated against before working at the chairside?
• Which one of the following statements about fluoride is false?
• Which type of teeth are primarily responsible for grinding food?
• What is the major difference between resuscitation attempts in a young child and an adult?
• Which infection control procedure is commonly implemented to prevent cross-contamination in dentistry?
• The process used to remove contamination from reusable items is called decontamination and involves four stages. Which one of the following is the first stage of this process to be carried out?
• Which type of malocclusion is indicated by an increased overjet measurement?
• After fitting a new denture, what is important for the patient to do?
• What disease process is characterized by a slow-growing abnormal sac of fluid within body tissues?
• What is the primary purpose of using a rubber dam during dental procedures?
• What is the term for the area where the enamel and dentin meet in a tooth?
• Which ingredient in toothpaste is most effective on suppressing plaque formation?
• Which one of the following microorganisms is not involved with the production of weak organic acids associated with enamel demineralisation?
• Which of the following diseases is characterized by acute inflammation of the liver?
• What should a rescuer do if a casualty is experiencing a seizure?
• When a patient suffers from gingivitis, their gingivae appear swollen and inflamed. Which one of the following options does this phenomena give rise to?
• A class II cavity has been prepared for amalgam restoration in an upper molar tooth. Which one of the following items must be used by the operator before the filling can be placed?
• Which method best prevents the transfer of microorganisms from staff to patients?
• Which option assists in restricting the area of the beam during x-ray use, thereby reducing scatter?
• Which component of a fixed orthodontic appliance is used to hold the archwire in place on molar teeth?
• Which of the following items may be reused following suitable sterilisation?
• Which stagnation area is commonly associated with the development of periodontal disease?
• Which one of the following disease processes presents as a break in the protective layer of soft tissue, leaving a raw and often painful lesion that may bleed?
• Which one of the following options is the most effective infection control method to prevent direct cross infection from one patient to another?
• Which one of the following is the current correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths that must be carried out during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a casualty?
• Which one of the following diseases of the oral mucosa is NOT classed as an inflammatory condition?
• Which type of glove is least suitable for clinical procedures at the chairside?
• Infection can occur when pathogenic microorganisms gain entry to body tissues. Which route of transmission is likely when a dental nurse works with a colleague who has a cold and is sneezing regularly?
• What feature of using extra-oral radiographs helps minimize patient x-ray exposure?
• Which type of gloves is often recommended for use in infection control procedures?
• While receiving toothbrushing instructions, which action should not be recommended to patients?
• In orthodontics, what does the term "overjet" refer to?
• What describes the first stage in the formation of a carious lesion in a previously sound tooth?
• In orthodontic assessments, an IOTN score is used to indicate what?
• Which best describes the function of COSHH in dental practices?
• Which one of the following disease processes presents as a localized swelling, often with pus present?
• Which muscles of mastication are visible around the angle of the mandible when the patient clenches their jaw?
• The vast majority of dental procedures are carried out under local anaesthetic so that the patient feels no pain. Which one of the following constituents of a local anaesthetic cartridge is present to allow a reasonable shelf life and period of use?
• Which material is commonly used as a base for dental cements due to its properties?
• Which type of records must be kept confidential between the patient and dental professional?
• Where should the contact details of a microbiologist be kept in the dental workplace?
• Which one of the following group of documents does not have to be stored in the radiation protection file?
• For which purpose is a vacuum autoclave advantageous?
• Which fault produces a coned image during exposure to ionising radiation?
• Which option is false regarding the storage of digital images of teeth?
• Which intra-oral radiograph view shows the full length of one or two teeth and their surrounding bone?
• Which statement about the storage of X-ray film stock is true?
• Glass ionomer cements are a widely used dental material. Which one of the following options states the main advantage of this material over composites?
• What material is used in a vitality test to stimulate a tooth's reaction to cold?
• The dental specialism of managing the specific oral health care of elderly patients is known by which one of the following terms?
• What method is used to avoid contamination of clean items by soiled items in the clinical area?
• Which of the following options represents the ionising radiation regulations concerned with the safety of patients while in the dental workplace?
• When viewing a dental pantomograph, where will the left maxillary molars be located on the viewer?
• Which type of local anaesthetic administration technique involves depositing the anaesthetic solution directly into the cancellous layer of the alveolar bone to anaesthetise the tooth roots?
• Which one of the following describes enamel loss due to the action of dietary acids?
• What quality assurance rating is given to a radiograph that appears completely black with no visible image?
• Which principle should be followed to reduce the exposure of patients and staff to x-rays?
• Which one of the following is an example of a systemic fluoride oral health product?
• What is the recommended action if a dental assistant experiences a needle stick injury?
• What is the recommended frequency for a professional dental cleaning?
• Which of the following is not a recognized method of replacing missing teeth?
• What processing fault is likely to result in indistinct and fogged images after processing bitewing radiographs?
• Once reusable items have been sterilised, how should they be date-stamped?
• Legally, how long must records for a child patient be kept after they leave the practice?
• Which oral condition is characterized by the presence of white patches and can be a precursor to cancer?
• During which procedure might a Willis bite gauge be required?
• A patient has been classified as having a class III malocclusion. Which feature is most likely to be present?
• Which one of the following options is a reason for restoring a permanent tooth but not necessarily a deciduous tooth?
• What is the most likely quality assurance rating for a coned left horizontal bitewing radiograph missing second molars?
• Which one of the following inflammatory disorders affecting the oral cavity is often determined as being psychogenic in origin?
• Which component of saliva allows the neutralisation of dietary acids to take place?
• What is the primary purpose of dental sealants?
• What term describes the cleaning method that destroys all pathogenic microorganisms and spores?
• Which option regarding the preparation of the clinical area to control cross infection is true?
• What is the main reason for a denture to fail in its intended purpose of successful tooth replacement?
• Which salivary gland is most likely to be affected by the viral infection known as mumps?
• Which one of the following describes an unacceptable method of storage of X-ray film packets in the dental workplace?
• What is an additional advantage of calcium hydroxide over other lining materials?
• Which one of the following types of infectious agent is found as microscopic plant-like organisms that reproduce by budding or by producing spores?
• Dental burs are used for various reasons during dental procedures. Which one of the following bur shapes is most likely to be used during an inlay preparation to ensure no undercuts are produced?
• During an oral health assessment, which tissue is most likely to exhibit squamous cell carcinoma?
• What is the primary function of the cementum in dental anatomy?
• What is the correct Palmer charting notation for the tooth designated as 43 in the FDI system?
• What aspect should be the primary focus when implementing a quality assurance program?
• What is likely to cause a persistent failure of the ultrasonic bath to debride the items?
• What is the horizontal distance between the upper and lower incisors called during an orthodontic assessment?
• In the context of radiographic quality assurance, what does a score of 3 typically indicate?
• Zinc oxide and eugenol cement has many uses in dentistry. Which one of the following situations is one where this material would not be used?
• A periodontal code 1 indicates which finding during an oral health assessment?
• During the cleaning of reusable items following a dental procedure, which technique will not remove solid debris from items?
• Which chemical has been linked to hypersensitivity reactions in some patients?
• What is the correct angulation of the film during the exposure of intra-oral packets using a film holder?
• Which one of the following statements regarding the disease hepatitis B is false?
• Erosion is the non-carious loss of tooth enamel due to damage by extrinsic acids. Which one of the following medical conditions is most likely to be linked to tooth erosion?
• What should be checked first when performing CPR on an adult?
• Which blood vessel can be compressed in a heavily pregnant woman if resuscitation is attempted while she is lying on her back?
• If a film does not appear in the delivery port of an automatic processing machine, what is the likely cause?
• Under which waste category is lead foil from X-ray film packets classified?
• Which salivary gland is primarily innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve?
• Which item is used during orthodontic treatment with a removable appliance?
• Which type of infectious agent is present as protein capsules living within other body cells?
• In responding to an unconscious casualty, which of the following is a critical first step?
• Which term correctly describes an item that is mounted on a viewer following processing?
• What is a significant advantage of using dental implants over traditional dentures?
• What term is used to describe a fixed prosthodontic device that restores a cavity in a tooth?
• What is the purpose of the barrier method in cross infection prevention?
• Which one of the following options is a known risk factor for a person to be a carrier of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?
• Which statement about autoclaves is false?
• Which group of individuals is at higher risk for periodontal disease?
• What is a potential route of transmission of infection especially likely in the dental workplace?
• Which condition cannot be diagnosed using dental radiographs?
• Which one of the following groups of signs would indicate that a casualty is suffering an anaphylactic reaction to latex?
• Which method involves physically separating dirty instruments from clean ones during a dental procedure?
• Which statement is false regarding a quality assurance programme for radiographs?
• Which scoring option refers to radiographs with minimal errors that do not prevent diagnosis?
• Which area is not relevant to the control and prevention of periodontal disease?
• Which condition can lead to the development of trismus?
• Which one of the following periodontal conditions may be caused by bacterial infection with Treponema vincenti?
• Which one of the following metals makes up the largest proportion of alloy powder in the restorative material amalgam?
• Which of the following is a key consideration when sizing a denture?
• Which oral condition is characterized by white patches in the mouth?
• What term describes painful muscle contractions affecting the muscles of mastication?
• What must a dental workplace do to correctly handle a patient complaint?
• What is the primary cause of denture stomatitis?
• When the mesiobuccal cusp of the upper molar lies behind the buccal groove of the lower molar, which classification of malocclusion is present?
• Which treatment aim can be achieved using either a functional or fixed orthodontic appliance, but not by a removable appliance?
• Many viruses are transmitted from person to person by direct contact with infected blood. Which chemical is correct for cleaning away a blood spillage?
• Which type of dental probe is specifically used to detect interproximal caries?
• Many partial dentures are designed with metal clasps to aid their retention. Which one of the following methods provides the natural retention of an upper full denture?
• What is the FDI notation for the tooth charted as lower left first deciduous molar in the Palmer charting system?
• What is the correct term used to describe the 2m distance around the x-ray machine head during exposures?
• What occurs when a radiographic image is overexposed and results in a completely dark film?
• What term describes the likelihood of causing harm during a risk assessment?
• Patients have the right to access their health records written after which year?
• Which one of the following terms describes the branch of dentistry concerned with the replacement of missing teeth?
• Which one of the following materials may be used to construct a temporary crown but not a permanent crown?
• Which intra-oral radiograph view is particularly useful for determining if a patient has congenitally absent lateral incisor teeth?
• What is considered the most effective method to prevent cross infection between patients in dental practice?
• Which piece of equipment is used to sterilise instruments and make them safe for reuse?
• Which of the following is the last line of defence before the disease process occurs?
• Mouthwashes contain a variety of ingredients depending on the reason for the particular use of each one. Which one of the following ingredients is added specifically to aid healing by the elimination of anaerobic bacteria?
• What is the main concern when a dental radiograph shows bone loss around a tooth?
• Which one of the following signs is not likely to be seen when an adult casualty is choking?
• Which component of bacterial plaque is not always present in samples?
• Which of the following infectious conditions of a patient is most likely to infect a member of the dental team during normal chairside work?
• What is the primary benefit of using an interdental brush over traditional dental floss?
• When taking an anterior occlusal radiograph, what indicates the correct orientation of the radiograph?
• Which one of the following options is a viral disease that is usually transmitted by saliva from one person to another?
• Which option correctly lists the contents of an extra-oral film cassette, from the x-ray machine tube side?
• Which one of the following conditions can the AED be used for during a medical emergency?
• Which hand instrument is most likely used to place and contour composite filling material into an anterior tooth cavity?
• Which one of the following is the first action that must be carried out to an alginate impression that has just been removed from the patient's mouth in an effort to render it safe to be handled by the laboratory staff?
• What action cannot be performed by an unqualified dental nurse?
• The vast majority of dental procedures are carried out under local anaesthetic. Which one of the following constituents of a local anaesthetic cartridge is present to prolong the action of the anaesthetic?
• When is it unlikely that a pair of Adams pliers will be needed at an orthodontic appointment?
• After a tooth has been extracted, what is the main reason for fitting a temporary bridge rather than a permanent one?
• Which one of the following options is an example of a non-milk extrinsic sugar?
• What is a common reason for choosing a fixed bridge over a removable partial denture?
• In dental terminology, what does 'buccal' refer to?
• A properly run quality assurance system of radiographs must aim to achieve which of the following?
• Which feature is specific to chronic periodontitis and not chronic gingivitis?
• Which cranial nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?
• What exposure fault is likely to cause a periapical view to show a stunted and squashed image?
• Which method is not an example of large-scale sterilisation techniques?
• Which piece of personal protective equipment is most critical in preventing cross infection from aerosol spray?
• Cavity preparation in permanent teeth is often slightly different to that carried out in deciduous teeth. Which one of the following may occur during cavity preparation in a deciduous tooth only?
• Which one of the following is the term used to describe non-carious tooth tissue loss caused by bruxism?
• When should disposable items in the dental workplace be disposed of?
• Which nutrient is essential for healthy gums?
• Which one of the following chemicals should be used to clean away a blood spillage in the dental workplace?
• What effect does using expired X-ray films have on imaging?
• What event is prevented during manual film processing by replacing the lid of the developer tank after each use?
• At which pH level does enamel demineralisation first begin?
• Which one of the following hand instruments is usually used to adapt a filling material to the cavity margins to avoid leakage under the set restoration?
• A patient classified as Angle's class II division 1 malocclusion is likely to have which feature?
• Which one of the following diseases presents as a swelling of either one or both parotid salivary glands, usually in children and young adults?
• When is it acceptable to dispose of old film stock?
• What is an appropriate response when a casualty is showing signs of an anaphylactic reaction?
• What is the first stage of the decontamination process in a washer-disinfector before drying items?
• What factor is primarily relevant to the development of gingivitis?
• Which dental procedure is typically indicated when a patient presents with advanced caries?
• Which one of the following diseases of the oral mucosa is described as the presence of several small, shallow, painful ulcers that heal to leave no scarring?
• Bacterial plaque is linked with the development of both dental caries and periodontal disease. Which one of the following describes the role of plaque in caries formation rather than in periodontal disease?
• Which tooth has two roots and two cusps?
• What is the purpose of using local anesthetic equipment capable of aspiration when administering anaesthetic to a patient?
• What is the typical purpose of a retainer in orthodontics?
• Which one of the following infectious conditions does not present with any oral manifestations?
• Detergent foods are those recommended to be eaten after a meal to remove loose food debris and reduce the risk of caries. Which one of the following is a detergent food in this context?
• When the skin or mucous membranes are breached by a pathogen, what is usually the last of the five signs of the inflammatory response?
• Which one of the following actions should the rescuer perform to aid a conscious casualty who is suffering a severe angina attack?
• What is the correct term for a yellow-coloured, hard deposit often visible in the oral cavity due to poor hygiene?
• What is a valid reason to disclose patient information to a third party without consent?
• What is the appearance of a manually processed radiograph that has been dried too quickly by hand?
• In the event of an x-ray machine malfunction, where should the local rules indicate the position of the machine isolator switch?
• What instrument may be used to remove sharp spicules of bone from the dental ridge during an extraction?
• Which pair of muscles of mastication contract together to allow the mandible to move forwards?
• What is the main focus of the surface cleaning method in a dental practice?
• During denture construction, the patient will attend for a trial insertion of the dentures with the teeth set in wax rims. Which one of the following instruments is used for fine wax adjustments at this stage?
• Which ingredient in toothpaste is primarily responsible for its ability to prevent tooth decay?
• What should a patient do if they wish to complain about dental treatment?
• Which of the following items of personal protective equipment will protect the airway from aerosol contamination?
• Which method describes the physical removal of routinely acquired microorganisms from hands?
• Which level of hygiene would involve measures taken to ensure cleanliness without killing all pathogens?
• Which one of the following statements regarding immunisation is true?
• When is it acceptable for the x-ray machine to be switched on in the dental workplace?
• What quality assurance process standardizes NHS record-keeping and confidentiality?
• Which one of the following medical emergency drugs must be administered by intramuscular injection rather than orally?
• The process used to remove contamination from reusable items is called decontamination. Which one of the following is the final stage of this process to be carried out?
• What is the primary benefit of fluoride treatments in dentistry?
• Many bacteria are named according to the shape of their cells. Which one of the following options is a round-shaped microorganism that is associated with dental caries?
• Where will the potential first aid information regarding the fixer solution be located in a dental practice?
• Which one of the following statements is true regarding potential contributory factors to periodontal health?
• Which bodily region is primarily affected by oral thrush?
• What term describes the natural shedding of deciduous teeth?
• Which one of the following statements regarding immunisation and the immune system is false?
• Which of the following is an appropriate action for a rescuer when dealing with a choking casualty?
• Which behavior indicates a dismissive attitude toward the patient during an oral health discussion?
• Which regulations pertain specifically to the safety of dental personnel in the workplace regarding ionising radiation?
• Which one of the following toothpaste ingredients has the most effect on removing some surface stains from the teeth?
• Which of the following is an inappropriate use of a disinfectant in a dental setting?
• Which oral hygiene practice is critical for periodontal disease prevention?
• Which regulation is concerned with the consequences following an autoclave explosion?
• Which one of the following is an effect that often occurs in older patients due to age-related changes to their teeth?
• Which type of local anesthetic administration technique involves depositing the anaesthetic solution beneath the mucous membrane and over the alveolar bone to anaesthetize the local nerve endings?
• Which of the following best describes prions?
• Which instrument is used to clean and widen the root canal during a root filling procedure?
• Which one of the following devices allows aspirated waste amalgam residue to be collected and safely disposed of by the dental team before it is able to enter the drains?
• Which of the following is a common symptom of a stroke?
• Which of the following is an essential part of infection control in a dental setting?
• Which one of the following diseases of the oral mucosa is described as an immovable white patch that has no obvious cause?
• How should a rescuer position a choking pregnant woman for back blows?
• Which one of the following oral diseases can be seen as a painless ulcer with no obvious cause and which fails to fully heal within three weeks of dental intervention?
• What is the primary purpose of hand hygiene in the dental workplace?
• An inlay is a restoration produced in a laboratory to restore a cavity in a tooth. Which of the following techniques will be used during the filling procedure, but not during the inlay procedure?
• Which one of the following oral soft tissue diseases is most likely to occur after a patient has taken a long course of broad-spectrum antibiotics?
• What term describes the method of bony retention achieved to hold an implant in place within the jaw bone?
• Which method is specifically designed to remove aerosol and droplet contamination in dental procedures?
• Which one of the following risk factors for general poor health is also associated with enamel erosion of the teeth?
• Which one of the following diseases cannot be prevented by vaccination?
• What is a common consequence of untreated periodontal disease?
• Which statement about the development of chronic periodontal disease is false?
• What symptom is primarily associated with dry mouth (xerostomia)?
• What is a common orthodontic goal for treating children?
• What processing fault is indicated if a periapical view shows a fading image on the light box?
• What is the ideal concentration of fluoride that is artificially added to water supplies as a public health measure, in parts per million (ppm)?
• Medical emergencies are correctly identified by their signs and symptoms. Which one of the following is a symptom rather than a sign?
• What is the main purpose of performing hand hygiene in the dental setting?
• Which one of the following terms describes an appliance used to close an anatomical defect of the oral cavity that has been left following surgery?
• What should be discussed with all patients when giving preoperative advice for orthodontic treatment?
• What term describes the tooth tissue loss caused by excessive dietary acids?
• Which radiograph view is most likely to determine the presence of an unerupted lateral incisor?
• Which one of the following toothpaste ingredients has the most effect on increasing the teeth's resistance to caries?
• What is the most likely route of transmission from a patient when a staff member has an uncovered wound on their finger?
• Which one of the following options is the correct category of waste disposal for a used local anaesthetic cartridge?
• Which type of medicine is known to reduce salivary flow leading to dry mouth?
• What must be approved by the record holder to comply with a patient's access request?
• The formation of a carious lesion in a previously sound tooth follows a set sequence. Which one of the following events describes the final stage of this sequence?
• Which term describes a microorganism in its non-infective state?
• What is true regarding the processing of radiographs?
• Which one of the following items is correctly used to extirpate the pulp contents during endodontic treatment?
• What distinguishes a 'B'-type autoclave from an 'N'-type autoclave?
• Which one of the following waste disposal options is used to categorise and segregate out-of-date luting cements in the dental workplace?
• Which one of the following actions is the first that should be taken following a contaminated sharps injury?
• What is the primary aim of using a washer-disinfector in dental practice?
• What type of orthodontic device allows for controlled movement of the mandible using oral musculature?
• Which one of the following options describes the most likely use of a spoon excavator during dental procedures?
• Which medical condition would require the use of a local anesthetic without adrenaline as a vasoconstrictor?
• Which one of the following oral conditions may be seen in a patient who suffers from gastric reflux?
• Which foramen is a notable feature of the mandible?
• Which light-sensitive chemical is used to coat the celluloid film in an intra-oral x-ray film packet?
• Which one of the following rubber dam kit items is used to hold the dam sheet in place around a tooth during dental procedures?
• What is the possible consequence of a periapical radiograph of the upper left first premolar being mounted back to front?
• Which one of the following options shows the correct FDI charting notation for the tooth charted as the upper left deciduous canine in the Palmer system?
• A curing light is often used to set modern composite filling materials. Which one of the following indicates the accepted depth to which these lights can penetrate the restoration?
• Which sign of inflammation typically occurs last?
• Which one of the following conditions is not related to age and therefore is not likely to occur more frequently as a patient ages?
• Which of the following effects is not likely to be seen in a patient suffering from xerostomia?
• What medical emergency may require the use of Midazolam in an oral form?
• The herpes group of viruses can affect the oral soft tissues in a variety of ways. Which virus is responsible for the lesion known as a 'cold sore'?
• Which agent cannot be used to disinfect metallic surfaces in the clinical environment?
• What term describes the second condition a patient may experience during a carious attack?
• Which statement about hidden sugars is false?
• A patient presenting with an inflamed tongue that appears smooth and red may be deficient in which one of the following?
• What type of injury might be a valid reason to disclose patient health information?
• Which disease of the oral soft tissues is associated with infection by bacteria?
• Which one of the following options is the correct dental term used to describe the surface of a tooth furthest away from the centre line?
• Various regulations and legislation apply to the safe running of the dental workplace. Which one of the following options is the concern of the COSHH regulations?
• Which one of the following effects is often seen in patients who are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes?
• What describes the correct system of film stock rotation in their storage area?
• Which route of entry into the body is not usual in cases of mercury poisoning?
• What is the recommended position for a conscious casualty experiencing difficulty breathing?
• What is the correct category of waste disposal for an extracted tooth containing an amalgam filling?
• Which material is acidic and may cause pulpal irritation in deep cavities?
• Patients who suffer from celiac disease have an intolerance to the cereal protein gluten. Which one of the following oral lesions is not usually found in these patients?
• Which one of the following options is an example of a direct cross-infection incident?
• Which of the following indicates periodontal disease when noted during an examination?
• Many sugars added to carbohydrate foods cause dental caries. Which one of the following sugars is not associated with dental caries?
• Which statement regarding clinical handwashing technique is false?
• Under which circumstance must a radiation protection supervisor be appointed in a dental workplace?
• What fault will produce a dark film during processing?
• Which medical condition is not directly linked to worsening severity of periodontal disease?
• Which oral health product should be recommended to fixed orthodontic patients specifically to reduce the likelihood of enamel decalcification during treatment?
• When a set of horizontal bitewing radiographs are correctly mounted for viewing, which one of the following descriptions will not be seen?
• Which luting cement acts by being mechanically adhesive to the inner surface of a crown or bridge and the tooth?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe the specialised oral soft tissue that is directly attached to a tooth?
• Where is the recommended position for placing a radiation monitoring badge on the body?
• What is the result of placing a manually processed radiograph in the fixer solution before the developer solution?
• Which one of the following tissues is most likely to be affected when osteoporosis develops?
• Which category should a sound extracted tooth be placed in before disposal?
• What correctly describes the orientation of a periapical view of an upper incisor on a viewer?
• Which microorganism is spiral-shaped and associated with ulcerative periodontal infection?
• Which type of dental tissue is most affected by caries?
• Which one of the following materials is not used to cement a molar band to a tooth as part of a fixed orthodontic appliance?
• Which instrument is primarily used to check for periodontal attachment loss?
• The immune response is a normal occurrence when the body tissues have been invaded by microorganisms. Which one of the following are developed during this response to neutralise the poisons from the microorganisms?
• Which constituent of a local anaesthetic cartridge maintains a neutral pH of 7?
• What is the purpose of using a root canal sealer during endodontic treatment?
• Which anaerobic bacteria is known to colonize plaque during the progression of periodontal disease?
• Which statement about oral mucosa diseases is accurate?
• Candida albicans is associated with several oral diseases. Which one of the following diseases is not linked to this fungal infection?
• What is the usual temperature range maintained during manual and automatic processing?
• What is the correct term for the practice of ensuring all clinical exposures are justified in a quality assurance programme?
• Which one of the following options shows the two tissues that lie at the ame-lodentinal junction?
• Which of the following statements about immediate replacement dentures is false?
• Which one of the following disease processes presents as an overgrowth of tissue cells that invade their surroundings and often destroy those surrounding tissues?
• Which one of the following options is an example of a systemic fluoride application?
• Which one of the following is the usual retentive component present on a removable orthodontic appliance?
• Which tooth usually has the longest root of all teeth?
• Which oral health product should be recommended to a patient who has had a fixed orthodontic appliance fitted to assist with cleaning beneath the archwire?
• How long should the actual handwashing process with antibacterial soap take for proper clinical hygiene?
• Which medical condition is often linked to the presence of false pockets in periodontal disease?
• Which measurement describes ideal occlusion as Angle's class 1 during orthodontic assessment?
• Which storage condition will not affect the shelf life of X-ray film packets by causing deterioration?
• During an oral health assessment, which of the following materials is unsuitable for taking impressions?
• When scoring during a quality assurance analysis of radiographs, some may be marked as having no errors present. Which one of the following options does this statement describe?
• Which tooth type is found in both primary and secondary dentitions?
• Which bones of the jaw and skull form the temporomandibular joint?
• In the AVPU scale, what does the 'A' stand for in terms of casualty responsiveness?
• Which one of the following groups of signs would indicate that a casualty is suffering from severe hypoglycaemia?
• What is the correct sequence to perform during the decontamination of instruments before sterilisation?
• Which tooth is identified as having three roots and five cusps?
• Which one of the following options is the most likely reason for a patient to be provided with a veneer?
• Which route of transmission of microorganisms is the most likely to result in an infection?
• What is the main objective of using a sharps container?
• What is the acceptable length of time that sterilised items may be stored away from the clinical area without being bagged?
• When preparing reusable dental instruments for sterilisation, which option shows the correct sequence of cleaning actions?
• Which organization is most likely to perform a 3-yearly assessment of radiation safety in dental workplaces?
• Which area in the oral cavity is least effectively cleaned by manual toothbrushing?
• During a dental procedure, what is the role of personal protective equipment (PPE)?
• Which one of the following average age ranges shows that of the usual eruption date of the upper second permanent molars?
• What is the appearance of an acute periapical abscess on a radiograph?
• What is the title of the designated person appointed in each dental workplace to assess the risk of using ionising radiation?
• Which one of the following is not required to produce a digital image of a tooth?
• What cleaning method destroys bacteria and fungi, but not all pathogens?
• Which intra-oral radiograph view is useful for showing occlusal caries in several teeth?
• What term describes the action of cleaning agents used during the decontamination of the clinical area?
• A periapical radiograph has been taken of the lower right second premolar tooth that is undergoing endodontic treatment and root filling, and the view has been coned so that just the crown of the tooth is missing from the radiograph. Which of the following is the most likely quality assurance rating for this view?
• Which one of the following oral hygiene products is the least effective in removing plaque from between tooth contact points?
• Which chemical decontaminant is commonly found in skin cleansing products for clinical use?
• Which of the following options summarizes the need for standard precautions to be followed at all times in the dental workplace?
• According to clinical governance guidelines, which option correctly states the maximum poor quality percentage and minimum excellent quality percentage for analysed radiographs?
• What is the primary role of the dental nurse during the orthodontic fitting of fixed appliances?
• What is an important difference that distinguishes a digital image from a conventional image of the same tooth?
• Which is NOT typically part of informed consent in dental treatment?
• Indirect cross infection occurs when microorganisms are transferred from a contaminated item to another person. Which technique will prevent this occurrence?
• Which one of the following options is the tooth tissue that has collagen fibres from the periodontal ligament inserted into its outer structure?
• Which one of the following techniques is most likely to be carried out to save a tooth from extraction when the patient is suffering from irreversible pulpitis?
• Which one of the following types of infectious agents are single-celled organisms that can exist as spores?
• Which legislation states that Legionnaires' disease is a notifiable occurrence in the dental workplace?
• Which one of the following options summarises the need for standard precautions to be followed at all times in the dental workplace?
• Which one of the following treatment procedures is not carried out for deciduous teeth?
• What describes the main role of plaque in the progression of periodontal disease rather than in caries formation?
• Which assessment method can be used to indicate the presence of a periodontal pocket?
• Which medical emergency drug may be administered to assist a casualty who is suffering an anaphylactic reaction?
• A spillage of mercury has occurred that requires the use of the mercury spillage kit. Which one of the following options is the first action to be taken when dealing with the spillage?
• What is the main purpose of the Ultrasonic bath in dental practices?
• Which of the following is NOT a common risk factor for periodontal disease?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe a disease condition involving the inflammation of the supporting structures of the tooth?
• Which one of the following restorative materials is not suitable for use as a temporary filling in a deciduous tooth?
• What type of injury would be least likely to cause cross-infection in a well-organized dental environment?
• What type of local anesthetic technique usually requires an aspirating syringe with a long 27 gauge needle?
• How does an 'N'-type autoclave differ from a 'B'-type autoclave?
• Which area of caries prevention is not relevant according to dental practices?
• What issue may arise from rapid drying of a manually processed radiograph?
• What action should be taken first during the monthly maintenance of an automatic processor?
• Which practice minimizes the risk of cross-contamination in the dental office?
• Which microscopic cells are responsible for the production of secondary dentine following a carious attack on a tooth?
• During an oral health assessment, a patient is diagnosed with chronic gingivitis. Which finding is most likely to be present?
• What is the correct term used to describe the vertical distance between the upper and lower incisors, which is usually measured during an orthodontic assessment?
• An inlay is a fixed prosthodontic restoration used to restore a cavity in a tooth. Which one of the following materials is not suitable for inlay construction?
• What describes the correct direction of airflow in a separate decontamination room?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe the anatomical mechanical barrier that is normally present between the oral cavity and the deeper periodontal tissues?
• Partial denture construction is usually completed in several stages. Which stage may be omitted when constructing a denture to replace a single tooth?
• Which of the following represents a potential indirect cross-infection incident?
• Which medical emergency is most likely to have occurred if the rescuer sees signs of pale and clammy skin and a weak and thready pulse in the casualty?
• Into which category of waste should spent developer and fixer solution be placed?
• What is the term used to describe the type of protection that is inherited from one's mother?
• Cross infection may occur from patient to staff and vice versa. Which one of the following infection control procedures is most likely to reduce cross infection from staff to patients?
• Which item is required to tighten a functional appliance during an adjustment appointment?
• Which term is used when items have undergone a process to remove physical contamination to ensure they are safe for reuse?
• When should dental instruments be cleaned following a procedure?
• Under IR(ME)R, what is the term that describes the necessity for the benefits of exposing a patient to ionising radiation to outweigh the risks?
• Which statement regarding the reprocessing of instruments is false?
• Which of the following statements about manual cleaning of reusable items is false?
• When a person is exposed to an infectious disease for a second time, which type of substance will be released during the immune response mechanism?
• The infection control policy in each dental workplace is followed to minimise the risk of cross infection between any persons in the premises. Which one of the following entries should be present specifically to protect staff from being infected by a patient?
• Which piece of equipment must undergo a protein residue test weekly?
• Which extra-oral radiograph view is produced using a machine called a cephalostat?
• Which of the following best describes the role of hand hygiene in infection control?
• Which option features the technique using extra-oral film cassettes that minimizes x-ray exposure to the patient?
• What is the primary focus of RIDDOR in a dental setting?
• When restoring a permanent tooth with a filling, what is the correct sequence of events?
• What term describes the loss of tooth tissue caused by grinding?
• Which one of the following conditions is linked specifically to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
• What is the best method for reinforcing oral health advice given to a patient at the end of an appointment?
• In which dental procedure would a rubber dam typically be used?
• Which item may not be sterilised if it is taken through a downward displacement autoclave cycle?
• Which one of the following statements regarding the infectious disease hepatitis B is false?
• Why are sealed pouches used to store instruments in the clinical area of the dental workplace?
• What condition allows a tooth to experience pain from a caries attack that can be resolved by filling the cavity?
• The carrying out a risk assessment is a routine event in the dental workplace to ensure the health and safety of all persons on the premises. Which one of the following actions should be the first stage of those listed?
• What is the current ratio of acceptable ratings for processed films in a quality assurance program?
• What material is normally used to construct palatal finger springs in a removable orthodontic appliance?
• Which factor in the development of caries can be controlled most easily by the patient?
• Which of the following is a key practice to minimize the risk of cross infection?
• What is the main aim of good communication between the dental team and the patient, in relation to their oral health?
• Which fatal disease is caused by a viral infection that destroys the immune system?
• Which one of the following views is taken to screen orthodontic patients for the presence or absence of teeth?
• What combination of nerves must be anaesthetised for the extraction of the lower right second molar tooth?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of an effective dental implant?
• What is the correct term for the process to be followed when an x-ray machine malfunctions?
• Which light-sensitive chemicals are used to coat the film within an extra-oral x-ray film cassette?
• What moisture control technique is the most successful at preventing tooth contamination during endodontic treatment?
• In the FDI charting system, what tooth is indicated by the Palmer charting notation 42?
• Which disinfectant is suitable for routine cleaning of work surfaces and as an impression disinfectant?
• Which one of the following options is the description of a class I cavity in a tooth?
• Which role can be carried out by all dental staff, including dental nurses?
• Which general health condition is not necessarily associated with poor oral health?
• What is a common symptom of gingivitis?
• What is the main purpose of carrying out a Helix test with autoclaves?
• Which of the following is not a type of pathogenic microorganism?
• Before taking an impression of a crown preparation, which item is used to make the margins of the tooth clearly visible?
• What is the term used to describe the technique of protecting non-sterilisable items from cross infection by the use of impervious membranes?
• Which type of bacteria primarily contributes to tooth decay?
• Many bacteria are named according to the shape of their cells. What is the name of a rod-shaped microorganism associated with carious cavities in teeth?
• Which option describes a main advantage of using digital radiographic techniques compared to conventional methods?
• Which tooth is usually the smallest of all teeth?
• In what sequence do a washer-disinfector's stages typically occur?
• How often should dental operators change their gloves during treatment?
• Which one of the following options is the correct dental term used to describe the surface of a tooth that lies against the tongue?
• What is the fundamental principle of standard (universal) precautions in healthcare?
• A tooth may require one of several types of endodontic treatment to avoid extraction. Which type involves the use of endodontic files during its completion?
• Which of the following tooth tissues is not composed of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals?
• What is the final stage of the decontamination process in a washer-disinfector?
• Which maintenance action should be carried out on a weekly basis for all autoclaves?
• What is the main disadvantage for a patient during vitality testing?
• When a fixed prosthesis is to be constructed, which impression material will not be used?
• Which one of the following radiograph views is particularly useful when a posterior tooth is suspected of having recurrent caries?
• Which demographic is most commonly affected by periodontal disease?
• Under IR(ME)R, what is the term for the principle aimed at using the lowest possible radiation dose to produce a viable image?
• Crowding occurs in dental arches when there is insufficient room in the arch to accommodate the permanent teeth. Which are the likeliest teeth to be crowded out of the upper arch?
• Which one of the following disinfectant chemicals should be used to remove blood spatter following a dental procedure?
• Which of the following options is an anatomical distinction that allows a molar tooth to be identified as deciduous rather than permanent?
• What is the average age range for the eruption of the lower permanent central incisors?
• Hydroxyl ions in calcium hydroxyapatite crystals can be exchanged with fluoride ions to form fluorapatite crystals. In which tissue layer of a tooth does this exchange of ions occur?
• Which dental specialty focuses on the diagnosis, prevention, and correction of malpositioned teeth and jaws?
• What is a key feature of the clinical handwashing procedure?
• What is a person called when they carry a pathogenic microorganism but do not show symptoms?
• Which item is used to provide the best tactile sensation during cavity preparation?
• Which one of the following actions is usually achieved with the use of a fixed orthodontic appliance rather than a removable orthodontic appliance?
• What is the recommended storage practice for sterilised instruments?
• Which component of saliva begins starch digestion in the food bolus?
• Horizontal bitewing radiographs are especially useful for diagnosing which condition?
• Which statement is false regarding aftercare advice for a patient fitted with a chrome-cobalt partial denture?
• What would be the result of improperly mounted films during viewing?
• What device is used to maintain the stability of a dental bridge during the bonding process?
• Which tooth is usually the largest of all teeth?
• What is the primary consideration when providing first aid for a conscious casualty experiencing severe chest pain?
• Tooth tissues absorb x-ray rays at varying levels based on their mineral content. What term describes tissues that absorb little of the beam?
• What personal protective equipment is essential to wear during procedures that can generate aerosols?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe an endodontic technique of removing contaminated pulp tissue from the pulp chamber only, leaving that in the root canal intact?
• What is the description of a class III cavity in a tooth?
• What action should be carried out to ensure that dental staff and patients are not exposed to blood-borne viral diseases in the dental workplace?
• Which one of the following groups of signs would indicate that a casualty is suffering an asthma attack?
• A patient may attend with a 'cold sore' lesion on their lip. Which one of the following statements about a cold sore lesion is true?
• The scale used to indicate the level of responsiveness of a casualty in an emergency situation is referred to as 'AVPU'. Which one of the following is the level of responsiveness indicated by 'U' in this scale?
• Which one of the following options is a fatal disease that affects the nerve tissues of the body?
• Which one of the following infectious diseases affecting the head and neck region is usually caused by Epstein-Barr virus?
• What chemical compound from the mercury spillage kit is used to make a paste to contain a mercury spillage?
• Which one of the following is the correct action to take following a small spillage of mercury in the dental workplace?
• What is the correct constitution of acid etchant used during a restorative procedure with composite material?
• What term describes the loss of buccal enamel due to mechanical trauma from toothbrushing?
• Which organism is usually associated with the onset of dental caries?
• Which option is not required for valid patient consent before dental treatment?
• Which aggravating factor of periodontal disease may be prevented by the provision of dentures?
• What is the main reason for providing a patient with a temporary crown on a root-filled molar tooth?
• Which item of personal protective equipment is inappropriate for use when handling automatic processor chemicals?
• A designated controlled area must be identified around each x-ray machine in the dental workplace. From which point is this distance measured?
• What type of tooth movement typically requires a fixed appliance to achieve?
• What is the main benefit to the patient of having a missing tooth replaced by an implant rather than a bridge?
• What is the function of the lead foil within the intra-oral x-ray film packet?
• What term describes the technique to avoid cross infection by separating clean and contaminated areas?
• Which level of hand hygiene significantly reduces the number of normally resident microorganisms on the hands?
• What is a common use for isopropyl alcohol in the clinical environment?
• When a tooth is extracted, the periodontal ligament fibres must be severed to allow the tooth to be removed from the socket. Which type of fibre forms the majority that must be severed during this procedure?
• Which one of the following tooth types is only found in the secondary dentition?
• Which one of the following options is the most effective infection control method to prevent indirect cross infection from one patient to another?
• Which one of the following actions should be the final stage of a risk assessment in the dental workplace?
• What type of sterilisation is achieved through the use of ethylene oxide?
• What best describes the difference between a pathogen and a non-pathogen?
• Which one of the following options is not a typical use of a mouth mirror during dental procedures?
• Which method is typically employed for the disposal of contaminated waste in a dental practice?
• One method of determining the effect of varying social factors on oral health in a population is to measure the DMF levels of that population. What does DMF stand for?
• What is the correct sequence of events for manually processing a dental film?
• Which act excludes public disclosure of health records on request from a third party?
• Which of the following is a sign rather than a symptom of a medical emergency?
• What is the correct order of contents in an intra-oral film packet, from the x-ray machine tube side?
• Which one of the following best describes the concept of 'zoning' in cross-infection control?
• What is the written information about the controlled area at each x-ray machine referred to by dental personnel?
• What is the correct term for the procedure used to inhibit the growth of or ideally kill bacteria and fungi in the clinical environment?
• Which one of the following impression materials must be stored in a damp state once it has been used to take an impression to prevent distortion?
• What is the correct classification of a mesio-palatal cavity in the upper right lateral incisor?
• Which term describes tissues that absorb little of the x-ray beam?
• Which age group is most likely to experience respiratory distress from foreign body obstruction?
• What is the main purpose of orthodontic assessment?
• What is the initial response of the body to a pathogen breaching the skin?
• Which temporary filling material is most adhesive to the dentine surface of the cavity?
• What term describes the uncontrolled spread of pus into surrounding tissues?
• In a quality assurance analysis, what score indicates that errors prevent a diagnosis?
• Which factor is essential to consider when analyzing the quality of radiographic images in a dental clinic?
• Which of the following should be monitored closely in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment?
• Which of the following events will involve leucocytes fighting the pathogenic microorganism once a dental nurse has been exposed to them?
• An oral health assessment is carried out when a patient attends the dental workplace. What information is required to determine the success of oral health promotion efforts?
• Which one of the following infections typically presents as generalised stomatitis with many shallow painful ulcers?
• Which process is used to kill all microorganisms and spores to produce asepsis in the dental workspace?
• What is a common risk factor associated with oral cancers?
• What is the primary purpose of a dental crown?
• What is a common issue patients may face with removable dentures?
• What is usually the first stage in the development of chronic gingivitis?
• Which group of periodontal ligament fibres are responsible for maintaining a tight gingival cuff around each tooth?
• Which group of drugs is effective against infections caused by bacteria?
• Following an accidental spillage of fixer solution, which solution should be used to clean the affected area?
• What does a 'grade III mobile' status indicate for a lower second tooth?
• Which radiograph view is typically needed for a 15-year-old with severe crowding requiring orthodontic treatment?
• During an oral health assessment, which material is used to detect sensitivity in a tooth?
• What is the recommended color for a safe light in the processing room to prevent damage to unprocessed film?
• Which condition is characterized by a discrepancy in the relationship between dental arches?
• Which one of the following items of personal protective equipment is not necessary to be worn during the reprocessing of contaminated instruments?
• Under normal circumstances, what is the most likely cause of a cardiac arrest in a baby?
• What term describes a shallow break in the oral mucosa resulting in a painful circular lesion?
• Which modification in toothpaste has been linked to reduced dental caries?