NCFE Dental Nursing Practice Test

These questions are part of the practice quiz. Start practicing

• Which of the following indicates periodontal disease when noted during an examination?
• Which statement about the storage of X-ray film stock is true?
• Which type of dental tissue is most affected by caries?
• An oral health assessment is carried out when a patient attends the dental workplace. What information is required to determine the success of oral health promotion efforts?
• What is the purpose of using local anesthetic equipment capable of aspiration when administering anaesthetic to a patient?
• Which of the following is an appropriate action for a rescuer when dealing with a choking casualty?
• Which one of the following is the first action that must be carried out to an alginate impression that has just been removed from the patient's mouth in an effort to render it safe to be handled by the laboratory staff?
• What is a common issue patients may face with removable dentures?
• Which option regarding the preparation of the clinical area to control cross infection is true?
• When is it acceptable for the x-ray machine to be switched on in the dental workplace?
• What is the primary function of the cementum in dental anatomy?
• What medical emergency may require the use of Midazolam in an oral form?
• Which disinfectant is suitable for routine cleaning of work surfaces and as an impression disinfectant?
• At which pH level does enamel demineralisation first begin?
• What action should be carried out to ensure that dental staff and patients are not exposed to blood-borne viral diseases in the dental workplace?
• In orthodontics, what does the term "overjet" refer to?
• What event is prevented during manual film processing by replacing the lid of the developer tank after each use?
• How long should the actual handwashing process with antibacterial soap take for proper clinical hygiene?
• Which of the following is a common symptom of a stroke?
• Which option is not one of the body's natural lines of defence against bacterial infections?
• What chemical compound from the mercury spillage kit is used to make a paste to contain a mercury spillage?
• What is the title of the designated person appointed in each dental workplace to assess the risk of using ionising radiation?
• Which oral condition is characterized by white patches in the mouth?
• When is it unlikely that a pair of Adams pliers will be needed at an orthodontic appointment?
• Which one of the following radiograph views is particularly useful when a posterior tooth is suspected of having recurrent caries?
• What term describes the loss of tooth tissue caused by grinding?
• What should a patient do if they wish to complain about dental treatment?
• What is true regarding the processing of radiographs?
• What is the primary aim of using a washer-disinfector in dental practice?
• Which one of the following is the correct action to take following a small spillage of mercury in the dental workplace?
• What is the correct sequence of events for manually processing a dental film?
• Under normal circumstances, what is the most likely cause of a cardiac arrest in a baby?
• When an adult casualty starts to choke, what is the first action the rescuer should perform?
• Under IR(ME)R, what is the term for the principle aimed at using the lowest possible radiation dose to produce a viable image?
• How often should dental operators change their gloves during treatment?
• Which one of the following materials may be used to construct a temporary crown but not a permanent crown?
• A patient presenting with an inflamed tongue that appears smooth and red may be deficient in which one of the following?
• Many bacteria are named according to the shape of their cells. What is the name of a rod-shaped microorganism associated with carious cavities in teeth?
• What term describes the technique to avoid cross infection by separating clean and contaminated areas?
• Which method is specifically designed to remove aerosol and droplet contamination in dental procedures?
• Which one of the following signs is not likely to be seen when an adult casualty is choking?
• Which one of the following diseases of the oral mucosa is described as an immovable white patch that has no obvious cause?
• When restoring a permanent tooth with a filling, what is the correct sequence of events?
• Which dental specialty focuses on the diagnosis, prevention, and correction of malpositioned teeth and jaws?
• Which one of the following groups of signs would indicate that a casualty is suffering an asthma attack?
• Which one of the following hand instruments is usually used to adapt a filling material to the cavity margins to avoid leakage under the set restoration?
• Which of the following statements about immediate replacement dentures is false?
• What term describes the natural shedding of deciduous teeth?
• Which scoring option refers to radiographs with minimal errors that do not prevent diagnosis?
• Which option describes a main advantage of using digital radiographic techniques compared to conventional methods?
• What is the primary role of the dental nurse during the orthodontic fitting of fixed appliances?
• What method is used to avoid contamination of clean items by soiled items in the clinical area?
• Which condition can lead to the development of trismus?
• What action should be taken first during the monthly maintenance of an automatic processor?
• What is the recommended frequency for a professional dental cleaning?
• What is a potential route of transmission of infection especially likely in the dental workplace?
• What is the correct angulation of the film during the exposure of intra-oral packets using a film holder?
• Which one of the following options is an example of a direct cross-infection incident?
• Which maintenance action should be carried out on a weekly basis for all autoclaves?
• Which temporary filling material is most adhesive to the dentine surface of the cavity?
• During denture construction, the patient will attend for a trial insertion of the dentures with the teeth set in wax rims. Which one of the following instruments is used for fine wax adjustments at this stage?
• During an oral health assessment, which material is used to detect sensitivity in a tooth?
• What is the correct order of contents in an intra-oral film packet, from the x-ray machine tube side?
• Which one of the following medical emergency drugs must be administered by intramuscular injection rather than orally?
• What is the term for the area where the enamel and dentin meet in a tooth?
• Which of the following tooth tissues is not composed of calcium hydroxyapatite crystals?
• Which type of infectious agent is present as protein capsules living within other body cells?
• Which type of bacteria primarily contributes to tooth decay?
• What is the correct Palmer charting notation for the tooth designated as 43 in the FDI system?
• Which practice minimizes the risk of cross-contamination in the dental office?
• Which term is used when items have undergone a process to remove physical contamination to ensure they are safe for reuse?
• When the mesiobuccal cusp of the upper molar lies behind the buccal groove of the lower molar, which classification of malocclusion is present?
• Which bones of the jaw and skull form the temporomandibular joint?
• Which hand instrument is most likely used to place and contour composite filling material into an anterior tooth cavity?
• Which of the following is an essential part of infection control in a dental setting?
• Detergent foods are those recommended to be eaten after a meal to remove loose food debris and reduce the risk of caries. Which one of the following is a detergent food in this context?
• Legally, how long must records for a child patient be kept after they leave the practice?
• Which piece of personal protective equipment is most critical in preventing cross infection from aerosol spray?
• Which one of the following options is the correct category of waste disposal for a used local anaesthetic cartridge?
• Which medical condition is not directly linked to worsening severity of periodontal disease?
• What is an appropriate response when a casualty is showing signs of an anaphylactic reaction?
• What instrument may be used to remove sharp spicules of bone from the dental ridge during an extraction?
• Which level of hygiene would involve measures taken to ensure cleanliness without killing all pathogens?
• What is the main reason for a denture to fail in its intended purpose of successful tooth replacement?
• What is the primary consideration when providing first aid for a conscious casualty experiencing severe chest pain?
• Which factor is critical in the prevention of workplace-associated infections?
• Which structure primarily undergoes changes in shape during orthodontic treatment?
• How does an 'N'-type autoclave differ from a 'B'-type autoclave?
• Under which waste category is lead foil from X-ray film packets classified?
• If a periapical view shows the tooth apex off the top of the film, what is this fault called?
• Which category should a sound extracted tooth be placed in before disposal?
• What is the purpose of the barrier method in cross infection prevention?
• When a fixed prosthesis is to be constructed, which impression material will not be used?
• What term describes the likelihood of causing harm during a risk assessment?
• What is the description of a class III cavity in a tooth?
• Which component of a fixed orthodontic appliance is used to hold the archwire in place on molar teeth?
• Which of the following is the last line of defence before the disease process occurs?
• What describes the correct system of film stock rotation in their storage area?
• After a tooth has been extracted, what is the main reason for fitting a temporary bridge rather than a permanent one?
• Which option is not required for valid patient consent before dental treatment?
• Which one of the following terms describes the branch of dentistry concerned with the replacement of missing teeth?
• Which is NOT typically part of informed consent in dental treatment?
• Which disease of the oral soft tissues is associated with infection by bacteria?
• The process used to remove contamination from reusable items is called decontamination. Which one of the following is the final stage of this process to be carried out?
• Which level of hand hygiene significantly reduces the number of normally resident microorganisms on the hands?
• What occurs when a radiographic image is overexposed and results in a completely dark film?
• Which cranial nerve supplies the muscles of mastication?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe the anatomical mechanical barrier that is normally present between the oral cavity and the deeper periodontal tissues?
• What is the primary cause of denture stomatitis?
• Which of the following events will involve leucocytes fighting the pathogenic microorganism once a dental nurse has been exposed to them?
• What term describes painful muscle contractions affecting the muscles of mastication?
• What is the main objective of using a sharps container?
• Which statement about hidden sugars is false?
• Which one of the following techniques is most likely to be carried out to save a tooth from extraction when the patient is suffering from irreversible pulpitis?
• Which one of the following inflammatory disorders affecting the oral cavity is often determined as being psychogenic in origin?
• Which nutrient is essential for healthy gums?
• Crowding occurs in dental arches when there is insufficient room in the arch to accommodate the permanent teeth. Which are the likeliest teeth to be crowded out of the upper arch?
• During which procedure might a Willis bite gauge be required?
• What material is used in a vitality test to stimulate a tooth's reaction to cold?
• Which one of the following options is not a typical use of a mouth mirror during dental procedures?
• Which light-sensitive chemicals are used to coat the film within an extra-oral x-ray film cassette?
• Which demographic is most commonly affected by periodontal disease?
• What is the purpose of intensifying screens in radiography?
• The immune response is a normal occurrence when the body tissues have been invaded by microorganisms. Which one of the following are developed during this response to neutralise the poisons from the microorganisms?
• Which one of the following oral conditions may be seen in a patient who suffers from gastric reflux?
• What term describes the loss of buccal enamel due to mechanical trauma from toothbrushing?
• Which one of the following options is the description of a class V cavity in a tooth?
• Which of the following is a sign rather than a symptom of a medical emergency?
• A patient has been classified as having a class III malocclusion. Which feature is most likely to be present?
• When should dental instruments be cleaned following a procedure?
• Which one of the following options is the most effective infection control method to prevent direct cross infection from one patient to another?
• During an oral health assessment, which of the following materials is unsuitable for taking impressions?
• A spillage of mercury has occurred that requires the use of the mercury spillage kit. Which one of the following options is the first action to be taken when dealing with the spillage?
• Which anaerobic bacteria is known to colonize plaque during the progression of periodontal disease?
• Glass ionomer cements are a widely used dental material. Which one of the following options states the main advantage of this material over composites?
• Which oral health product should be recommended to fixed orthodontic patients specifically to reduce the likelihood of enamel decalcification during treatment?
• Which statement is false regarding a quality assurance programme for radiographs?
• Patients have the right to access their health records written after which year?
• During an oral health assessment, a patient is diagnosed with chronic gingivitis. Which finding is most likely to be present?
• Which one of the following statements about fluoride is false?
• Partial denture construction is usually completed in several stages. Which stage may be omitted when constructing a denture to replace a single tooth?
• Which stagnation area is commonly associated with the development of periodontal disease?
• What is the recommended color for a safe light in the processing room to prevent damage to unprocessed film?
• Which one of the following tissues is most likely to be affected when osteoporosis develops?
• Which condition cannot be diagnosed using dental radiographs?
• Which one of the following conditions can the AED be used for during a medical emergency?
• What type of tooth movement typically requires a fixed appliance to achieve?
• What is a common risk factor associated with oral cancers?
• Which piece of equipment is used to sterilise instruments and make them safe for reuse?
• What is the correct term used to describe the vertical distance between the upper and lower incisors, which is usually measured during an orthodontic assessment?
• In which dental procedure would a rubber dam typically be used?
• Which chemical has been linked to hypersensitivity reactions in some patients?
• Which one of the following toothpaste ingredients has the most effect on increasing the teeth's resistance to caries?
• While receiving toothbrushing instructions, which action should not be recommended to patients?
• What must a dental workplace do to correctly handle a patient complaint?
• The vast majority of dental procedures are carried out under local anaesthetic. Which one of the following constituents of a local anaesthetic cartridge is present to prolong the action of the anaesthetic?
• What term describes the action of cleaning agents used during the decontamination of the clinical area?
• Which type of malocclusion is indicated by an increased overjet measurement?
• Which one of the following groups of signs would indicate that a casualty is suffering from severe hypoglycaemia?
• Bacterial plaque is linked with the development of both dental caries and periodontal disease. Which one of the following describes the role of plaque in caries formation rather than in periodontal disease?
• What is the typical purpose of a retainer in orthodontics?
• Which type of local anaesthetic administration technique involves depositing the anaesthetic solution directly into the cancellous layer of the alveolar bone to anaesthetise the tooth roots?
• When a person is exposed to an infectious disease for a second time, which type of substance will be released during the immune response mechanism?
• Which organization is most likely to perform a 3-yearly assessment of radiation safety in dental workplaces?
• What disease process is characterized by a slow-growing abnormal sac of fluid within body tissues?
• Which one of the following options shows the two tissues that lie at the ame-lodentinal junction?
• What correctly describes the orientation of a periapical view of an upper incisor on a viewer?
• According to clinical governance guidelines, which option correctly states the maximum poor quality percentage and minimum excellent quality percentage for analysed radiographs?
• A patient classified as Angle's class II division 1 malocclusion is likely to have which feature?
• What is a key feature of the clinical handwashing procedure?
• Which one of the following is not required to produce a digital image of a tooth?
• What should be checked first when performing CPR on an adult?
• Which one of the following statements regarding the infectious disease hepatitis B is false?
• Which item is used to provide the best tactile sensation during cavity preparation?
• Which one of the following is an effect that often occurs in older patients due to age-related changes to their teeth?
• Which condition is characterized by a discrepancy in the relationship between dental arches?
• Before taking an impression of a crown preparation, which item is used to make the margins of the tooth clearly visible?
• Which foramen is a notable feature of the mandible?
• Which one of the following diseases of the oral mucosa is NOT classed as an inflammatory condition?
• What is a valid reason to disclose patient information to a third party without consent?
• Which term describes tissues that absorb little of the x-ray beam?
• After fitting a new denture, what is important for the patient to do?
• Which one of the following options is an example of a non-milk extrinsic sugar?
• Which of the following conditions affecting oral soft tissues is not considered premalignant?
• Which statement is false regarding aftercare advice for a patient fitted with a chrome-cobalt partial denture?
• The dental specialism of managing the specific oral health care of elderly patients is known by which one of the following terms?
• Which aggravating factor of periodontal disease may be prevented by the provision of dentures?
• When preparing reusable dental instruments for sterilisation, which option shows the correct sequence of cleaning actions?
• Dental burs are used for various reasons during dental procedures. Which one of the following bur shapes is most likely to be used during an inlay preparation to ensure no undercuts are produced?
• Which one of the following statements regarding the disease hepatitis B is false?
• Which item may not be sterilised if it is taken through a downward displacement autoclave cycle?
• What is the main focus of the surface cleaning method in a dental practice?
• The vast majority of dental procedures are carried out under local anaesthetic so that the patient feels no pain. Which one of the following constituents of a local anaesthetic cartridge is present to allow a reasonable shelf life and period of use?
• Which group of signs indicates that a casualty has suffered a cardiac arrest?
• Which one of the following options is the correct dental term used to describe the surface of a tooth that lies against the tongue?
• What is an important difference that distinguishes a digital image from a conventional image of the same tooth?
• Which behavior indicates a dismissive attitude toward the patient during an oral health discussion?
• Which one of the following is the most likely presentation of an early carious area in a tooth?
• Which age group is most likely to experience respiratory distress from foreign body obstruction?
• Which type of dental probe is specifically used to detect interproximal caries?
• Which salivary gland is primarily innervated by the glossopharyngeal nerve?
• Which item is used during orthodontic treatment with a removable appliance?
• Which of the following is NOT a common risk factor for periodontal disease?
• Which light-sensitive chemical is used to coat the celluloid film in an intra-oral x-ray film packet?
• Which one of the following options is a known risk factor for a person to be a carrier of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease or variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease?
• What should a rescuer do if a casualty is experiencing a seizure?
• What is the primary purpose of a dental crown?
• What is the correct classification of a mesio-palatal cavity in the upper right lateral incisor?
• Which group of individuals is at higher risk for periodontal disease?
• Which one of the following best describes the concept of 'zoning' in cross-infection control?
• Which of the following should be monitored closely in patients undergoing orthodontic treatment?
• A curing light is often used to set modern composite filling materials. Which one of the following indicates the accepted depth to which these lights can penetrate the restoration?
• Which type of local anesthetic administration technique involves depositing the anaesthetic solution beneath the mucous membrane and over the alveolar bone to anaesthetize the local nerve endings?
• During an oral health assessment, which tissue is most likely to exhibit squamous cell carcinoma?
• Which one of the following disease processes presents as an overgrowth of tissue cells that invade their surroundings and often destroy those surrounding tissues?
• What is the correct sequence to perform during the decontamination of instruments before sterilisation?
• What is the purpose of using an intra-oral film holder when taking a horizontal bitewing view?
• What is considered the most effective method to prevent cross infection between patients in dental practice?
• What is the primary purpose of using a rubber dam during dental procedures?
• Which of the following is a characteristic of an effective dental implant?
• Which one of the following impression materials must be stored in a damp state once it has been used to take an impression to prevent distortion?
• Which route of entry into the body is not usual in cases of mercury poisoning?
• Which component of saliva allows the neutralisation of dietary acids to take place?
• Which one of the following oral diseases can be seen as a painless ulcer with no obvious cause and which fails to fully heal within three weeks of dental intervention?
• What fault will produce a dark film during processing?
• Which area of caries prevention is not relevant according to dental practices?
• Which material is commonly used by dental teams to take impressions for study models?
• What device is used to maintain the stability of a dental bridge during the bonding process?
• What is the primary benefit of fluoride treatments in dentistry?
• What is the correct constitution of acid etchant used during a restorative procedure with composite material?
• Which method involves physically separating dirty instruments from clean ones during a dental procedure?
• Which method best prevents the transfer of microorganisms from staff to patients?
• What is the term used to describe the technique of protecting non-sterilisable items from cross infection by the use of impervious membranes?
• What must be approved by the record holder to comply with a patient's access request?
• What is the correct term for a yellow-coloured, hard deposit often visible in the oral cavity due to poor hygiene?
• Which term describes a microorganism in its non-infective state?
• What factor is primarily relevant to the development of gingivitis?
• Which medical emergency drug may be administered to assist a casualty who is suffering an anaphylactic reaction?
• Which route of transmission of microorganisms is the most likely to result in an infection?
• Which one of the following periodontal conditions may be caused by bacterial infection with Treponema vincenti?
• What is the primary purpose of personal protective equipment (PPE) in a dental setting?
• Which piece of equipment must undergo a protein residue test weekly?
• What is the main concern when a dental radiograph shows bone loss around a tooth?
• Which intra-oral radiograph view shows the full length of one or two teeth and their surrounding bone?
• Which area in the oral cavity is least effectively cleaned by manual toothbrushing?
• What personal protective equipment is essential to wear during procedures that can generate aerosols?
• Which extra-oral radiograph view is produced using a machine called a cephalostat?
• A properly run quality assurance system of radiographs must aim to achieve which of the following?
• What is the recommended storage practice for sterilised instruments?
• Which blood vessel can be compressed in a heavily pregnant woman if resuscitation is attempted while she is lying on her back?
• Which sign of inflammation typically occurs last?
• What is the main benefit to the patient of having a missing tooth replaced by an implant rather than a bridge?
• What is the first stage of the decontamination process in a washer-disinfector before drying items?
• Which oral hygiene practice is critical for periodontal disease prevention?
• Which medical condition is often linked to the presence of false pockets in periodontal disease?
• What best describes the difference between a pathogen and a non-pathogen?
• Which one of the following infections typically presents as generalised stomatitis with many shallow painful ulcers?
• Which pair of muscles of mastication contract together to allow the mandible to move forwards?
• What is the main purpose of the Ultrasonic bath in dental practices?
• Which one of the following options is the most effective infection control method to prevent indirect cross infection from one patient to another?
• Which one of the following diseases of the oral mucosa is described as the presence of several small, shallow, painful ulcers that heal to leave no scarring?
• Which modification in toothpaste has been linked to reduced dental caries?
• Various regulations and legislation apply to the safe running of the dental workplace. Which one of the following options is the concern of the COSHH regulations?
• Which one of the following statements is true regarding potential contributory factors to periodontal health?
• Many partial dentures are designed with metal clasps to aid their retention. Which one of the following methods provides the natural retention of an upper full denture?
• Which oral health product should be recommended to a patient who has had a fixed orthodontic appliance fitted to assist with cleaning beneath the archwire?
• Which one of the following items of personal protective equipment is not necessary to be worn during the reprocessing of contaminated instruments?
• Which one of the following devices allows aspirated waste amalgam residue to be collected and safely disposed of by the dental team before it is able to enter the drains?
• If a film does not appear in the delivery port of an automatic processing machine, what is the likely cause?
• Which of the following represents a potential indirect cross-infection incident?
• What does a 'grade III mobile' status indicate for a lower second tooth?
• Which one of the following views is taken to screen orthodontic patients for the presence or absence of teeth?
• Which statement about autoclaves is false?
• Which method is not an example of large-scale sterilisation techniques?
• What is the correct term for the procedure used to inhibit the growth of or ideally kill bacteria and fungi in the clinical environment?
• An inlay is a restoration produced in a laboratory to restore a cavity in a tooth. Which of the following techniques will be used during the filling procedure, but not during the inlay procedure?
• A designated controlled area must be identified around each x-ray machine in the dental workplace. From which point is this distance measured?
• Which infection control procedure is commonly implemented to prevent cross-contamination in dentistry?
• Which area is not relevant to the control and prevention of periodontal disease?
• What is the best method for reinforcing oral health advice given to a patient at the end of an appointment?
• What is the main purpose of orthodontic assessment?
• Which role can be carried out by all dental staff, including dental nurses?
• What is the horizontal distance between the upper and lower incisors called during an orthodontic assessment?
• Which one of the following materials is not used to cement a molar band to a tooth as part of a fixed orthodontic appliance?
• What term describes the cleaning method that destroys all pathogenic microorganisms and spores?
• Cross infection may occur from patient to staff and vice versa. Which one of the following infection control procedures is most likely to reduce cross infection from staff to patients?
• Which chemical decontaminant is commonly found in skin cleansing products for clinical use?
• Which one of the following actions should the rescuer perform to aid a conscious casualty who is suffering a severe angina attack?
• Which of the following best describes the role of hand hygiene in infection control?
• What issue may arise from rapid drying of a manually processed radiograph?
• Which regulation is concerned with the consequences following an autoclave explosion?
• In a quality assurance analysis, what score indicates that errors prevent a diagnosis?
• Which material is commonly used as a base for dental cements due to its properties?
• What type of local anesthetic technique usually requires an aspirating syringe with a long 27 gauge needle?
• Which one of the following actions should be the final stage of a risk assessment in the dental workplace?
• Which regulations pertain specifically to the safety of dental personnel in the workplace regarding ionising radiation?
• Which one of the following instruments is specifically used to remove calculus from the interproximal areas of teeth?
• Which one of the following options is the description of a class I cavity in a tooth?
• What effect does using expired X-ray films have on imaging?
• Radiation monitoring badges must be worn by the dental staff when a set number of intra-oral and/or extra-oral radiographs are exceeded in a week. What are the set numbers above which these monitoring devices must be in use?
• Which one of the following tooth types is only found in the secondary dentition?
• Many sugars added to carbohydrate foods cause dental caries. Which one of the following sugars is not associated with dental caries?
• Which fault produces a coned image during exposure to ionising radiation?
• Which bodily region is primarily affected by oral thrush?
• What is the primary benefit of using an interdental brush over traditional dental floss?
• What is the primary focus of RIDDOR in a dental setting?
• Which method describes the physical removal of routinely acquired microorganisms from hands?
• Which process is used to kill all microorganisms and spores to produce asepsis in the dental workspace?
• Which tooth is identified as having three roots and five cusps?
• Which one of the following is an example of a systemic fluoride oral health product?
• Which one of the following conditions is not related to age and therefore is not likely to occur more frequently as a patient ages?
• Which type of glove is least suitable for clinical procedures at the chairside?
• Why are sealed pouches used to store instruments in the clinical area of the dental workplace?
• Which one of the following options is a viral disease that is usually transmitted by saliva from one person to another?
• What feature of using extra-oral radiographs helps minimize patient x-ray exposure?
• Which statement about oral mucosa diseases is accurate?
• What quality assurance process standardizes NHS record-keeping and confidentiality?
• What is a common orthodontic goal for treating children?
• Which one of the following disinfectant chemicals should be used to remove blood spatter following a dental procedure?
• The formation of a carious lesion in a previously sound tooth follows a set sequence. Which one of the following events describes the final stage of this sequence?
• What is the main purpose of carrying out a Helix test with autoclaves?
• What aspect should be the primary focus when implementing a quality assurance program?
• What is the current ratio of acceptable ratings for processed films in a quality assurance program?
• Which tooth type is found in both primary and secondary dentitions?
• During the cleaning of reusable items following a dental procedure, which technique will not remove solid debris from items?
• An inlay is a fixed prosthodontic restoration used to restore a cavity in a tooth. Which one of the following materials is not suitable for inlay construction?
• When a tooth is extracted, the periodontal ligament fibres must be severed to allow the tooth to be removed from the socket. Which type of fibre forms the majority that must be severed during this procedure?
• Which general health condition is not necessarily associated with poor oral health?
• Which factor in the development of caries can be controlled most easily by the patient?
• What is the function of the lead foil within the intra-oral x-ray film packet?
• Which muscles of mastication are visible around the angle of the mandible when the patient clenches their jaw?
• Which one of the following oral soft tissue diseases is most likely to occur after a patient has taken a long course of broad-spectrum antibiotics?
• What exposure fault is likely to cause a periapical view to show a stunted and squashed image?
• Which measurement describes ideal occlusion as Angle's class 1 during orthodontic assessment?
• Which one of the following types of infectious agents are single-celled organisms that can exist as spores?
• What condition allows a tooth to experience pain from a caries attack that can be resolved by filling the cavity?
• Which intra-oral radiograph view is useful for showing occlusal caries in several teeth?
• Which dental procedure is typically indicated when a patient presents with advanced caries?
• Which term correctly describes an item that is mounted on a viewer following processing?
• Which of the following options is an anatomical distinction that allows a molar tooth to be identified as deciduous rather than permanent?
• Where is the recommended position for placing a radiation monitoring badge on the body?
• Which statement regarding clinical handwashing technique is false?
• Which one of the following items is correctly used to extirpate the pulp contents during endodontic treatment?
• Which type of records must be kept confidential between the patient and dental professional?
• Which oral lesion is caused by an infection with Candida albicans?
• Which one of the following statements regarding immunisation and the immune system is false?
• Which one of the following infectious conditions does not present with any oral manifestations?
• What type of injury would be least likely to cause cross-infection in a well-organized dental environment?
• Which of the following items of personal protective equipment will protect the airway from aerosol contamination?
• In what sequence do a washer-disinfector's stages typically occur?
• Which tooth is usually the largest of all teeth?
• Which one of the following chemicals should be used to clean away a blood spillage in the dental workplace?
• When a patient suffers from gingivitis, their gingivae appear swollen and inflamed. Which one of the following options does this phenomena give rise to?
• Which of the following options summarizes the need for standard precautions to be followed at all times in the dental workplace?
• What processing fault is indicated if a periapical view shows a fading image on the light box?
• Which one of the following terms describes an appliance used to close an anatomical defect of the oral cavity that has been left following surgery?
• What term describes the tooth tissue loss caused by excessive dietary acids?
• What is the acceptable length of time that sterilised items may be stored away from the clinical area without being bagged?
• Which legislation states that Legionnaires' disease is a notifiable occurrence in the dental workplace?
• What is the primary purpose of dental sealants?
• Which act excludes public disclosure of health records on request from a third party?
• Which instrument is used to clean and widen the root canal during a root filling procedure?
• Which one of the following infectious diseases affecting the head and neck region is usually caused by Epstein-Barr virus?
• What describes the first stage in the formation of a carious lesion in a previously sound tooth?
• Which tooth is usually the smallest of all teeth?
• Which option assists in restricting the area of the beam during x-ray use, thereby reducing scatter?
• Which one of the following waste disposal options is used to categorise and segregate out-of-date luting cements in the dental workplace?
• A tooth may require one of several types of endodontic treatment to avoid extraction. Which type involves the use of endodontic files during its completion?
• Many viruses are transmitted from person to person by direct contact with infected blood. Which chemical is correct for cleaning away a blood spillage?
• Once reusable items have been sterilised, how should they be date-stamped?
• In the FDI charting system, what tooth is indicated by the Palmer charting notation 42?
• Which method is typically employed for the disposal of contaminated waste in a dental practice?
• What material is normally used to construct palatal finger springs in a removable orthodontic appliance?
• Which statement about the development of chronic periodontal disease is false?
• What is the most likely route of transmission from a patient when a staff member has an uncovered wound on their finger?
• What is the possible consequence of a periapical radiograph of the upper left first premolar being mounted back to front?
• Which item is required to tighten a functional appliance during an adjustment appointment?
• What is likely to cause a persistent failure of the ultrasonic bath to debride the items?
• Which medical condition would require the use of a local anesthetic without adrenaline as a vasoconstrictor?
• Which body organ can be irreparably damaged by exposure to mercury?
• Which group of periodontal ligament fibres are responsible for maintaining a tight gingival cuff around each tooth?
• What would be the result of improperly mounted films during viewing?
• What is a common consequence of untreated periodontal disease?
• Which constituent of a local anaesthetic cartridge maintains a neutral pH of 7?
• Which one of the following types of infectious agent is found as microscopic plant-like organisms that reproduce by budding or by producing spores?
• Which salivary gland is most likely to be affected by the viral infection known as mumps?
• Which one of the following oral hygiene products is the least effective in removing plaque from between tooth contact points?
• What is the initial response of the body to a pathogen breaching the skin?
• Which one of the following risk factors for general poor health is also associated with enamel erosion of the teeth?
• The herpes group of viruses can affect the oral soft tissues in a variety of ways. Which virus is responsible for the lesion known as a 'cold sore'?
• Which one of the following rubber dam kit items is used to hold the dam sheet in place around a tooth during dental procedures?
• What is a common symptom of gingivitis?
• Zinc oxide and eugenol cement has many uses in dentistry. Which one of the following situations is one where this material would not be used?
• Which one of the following is the current correct ratio of chest compressions to rescue breaths that must be carried out during cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a casualty?
• What specifically indicates a BPE score of 3 during a periodontal assessment?
• Which one of the following conditions is linked specifically to acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)?
• Which storage condition will not affect the shelf life of X-ray film packets by causing deterioration?
• Which one of the following disease processes presents as a localized swelling, often with pus present?
• When a set of horizontal bitewing radiographs are correctly mounted for viewing, which one of the following descriptions will not be seen?
• Which type of medicine is known to reduce salivary flow leading to dry mouth?
• During a dental procedure, what is the role of personal protective equipment (PPE)?
• Which type of gloves is often recommended for use in infection control procedures?
• Which one of the following options is a fatal disease that affects the nerve tissues of the body?
• How should a rescuer position a choking pregnant woman for back blows?
• Infection can occur when pathogenic microorganisms gain entry to body tissues. Which route of transmission is likely when a dental nurse works with a colleague who has a cold and is sneezing regularly?
• Which one of the following diseases presents as a swelling of either one or both parotid salivary glands, usually in children and young adults?
• Into which category of waste should spent developer and fixer solution be placed?
• What is the result of placing a manually processed radiograph in the fixer solution before the developer solution?
• What type of sterilisation is achieved through the use of ethylene oxide?
• Which radiograph view is typically needed for a 15-year-old with severe crowding requiring orthodontic treatment?
• What type of injury might be a valid reason to disclose patient health information?
• Which of the following is an inappropriate use of a disinfectant in a dental setting?
• Many bacteria are named according to the shape of their cells. Which one of the following options is a round-shaped microorganism that is associated with dental caries?
• Which of the following is not a type of pathogenic microorganism?
• What is usually the first stage in the development of chronic gingivitis?
• What is the main reason for providing a patient with a temporary crown on a root-filled molar tooth?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe the specialised oral soft tissue that is directly attached to a tooth?
• Which assessment method can be used to indicate the presence of a periodontal pocket?
• What cleaning method destroys bacteria and fungi, but not all pathogens?
• When should disposable items in the dental workplace be disposed of?
• What term describes a shallow break in the oral mucosa resulting in a painful circular lesion?
• Which term describes the item placed in the patient's mouth before exposure to ionising radiation?
• Which of the following best describes prions?
• Which oral condition is characterized by the presence of white patches and can be a precursor to cancer?
• What is the main aim of good communication between the dental team and the patient, in relation to their oral health?
• Which one of the following actions is usually achieved with the use of a fixed orthodontic appliance rather than a removable orthodontic appliance?
• Which one of the following toothpaste ingredients has the most effect on removing some surface stains from the teeth?
• Following an accidental spillage of fixer solution, which solution should be used to clean the affected area?
• Which one of the following options is the tooth tissue that has collagen fibres from the periodontal ligament inserted into its outer structure?
• What is the appearance of an acute periapical abscess on a radiograph?
• Hydroxyl ions in calcium hydroxyapatite crystals can be exchanged with fluoride ions to form fluorapatite crystals. In which tissue layer of a tooth does this exchange of ions occur?
• Which ingredient in toothpaste is most effective on suppressing plaque formation?
• Which intra-oral radiograph view is particularly useful for determining if a patient has congenitally absent lateral incisor teeth?
• Erosion is the non-carious loss of tooth enamel due to damage by extrinsic acids. Which one of the following medical conditions is most likely to be linked to tooth erosion?
• Which one of the following options is the most likely reason for a patient to be provided with a veneer?
• Which one of the following diseases cannot be prevented by vaccination?
• What moisture control technique is the most successful at preventing tooth contamination during endodontic treatment?
• Medical emergencies are correctly identified by their signs and symptoms. Which one of the following is a symptom rather than a sign?
• What is the usual temperature range maintained during manual and automatic processing?
• What is a common use for isopropyl alcohol in the clinical environment?
• Which item of personal protective equipment is inappropriate for use when handling automatic processor chemicals?
• What is the main disadvantage for a patient during vitality testing?
• When is it acceptable to dispose of old film stock?
• What is the fundamental principle of standard (universal) precautions in healthcare?
• What is the FDI notation for the tooth charted as lower left first deciduous molar in the Palmer charting system?
• Which option features the technique using extra-oral film cassettes that minimizes x-ray exposure to the patient?
• The scale used to indicate the level of responsiveness of a casualty in an emergency situation is referred to as 'AVPU'. Which one of the following is the level of responsiveness indicated by 'U' in this scale?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe a disease condition involving the inflammation of the supporting structures of the tooth?
• What is a significant advantage of using dental implants over traditional dentures?
• Which one of the following describes an unacceptable method of storage of X-ray film packets in the dental workplace?
• Which option correctly lists the contents of an extra-oral film cassette, from the x-ray machine tube side?
• Which one of the following treatment procedures is not carried out for deciduous teeth?
• What type of orthodontic device allows for controlled movement of the mandible using oral musculature?
• What is a person called when they carry a pathogenic microorganism but do not show symptoms?
• When setting up the surgery for an orthodontic fixed appliance fit appointment, which item must the dental nurse set out to assist in the completion of the procedure?
• What is the purpose of using a root canal sealer during endodontic treatment?
• What symptom is primarily associated with dry mouth (xerostomia)?
• Which one of the following describes enamel loss due to the action of dietary acids?
• Which one of the following terms is used to describe an endodontic technique of removing contaminated pulp tissue from the pulp chamber only, leaving that in the root canal intact?
• Patients who suffer from celiac disease have an intolerance to the cereal protein gluten. Which one of the following oral lesions is not usually found in these patients?
• Which one of the following is the term used to describe non-carious tooth tissue loss caused by bruxism?
• What is the appearance of a manually processed radiograph that has been dried too quickly by hand?
• Which instrument is primarily used to check for periodontal attachment loss?
• What is the recommended position for a conscious casualty experiencing difficulty breathing?
• What term is used to describe a fixed prosthodontic device that restores a cavity in a tooth?
• The infection control policy in each dental workplace is followed to minimise the risk of cross infection between any persons in the premises. Which one of the following entries should be present specifically to protect staff from being infected by a patient?
• When taking an anterior occlusal radiograph, what indicates the correct orientation of the radiograph?
• Where should the contact details of a microbiologist be kept in the dental workplace?
• Which organism is usually associated with the onset of dental caries?
• What is the correct term for the practice of ensuring all clinical exposures are justified in a quality assurance programme?
• In dental terminology, what does 'buccal' refer to?
• A patient may attend with a 'cold sore' lesion on their lip. Which one of the following statements about a cold sore lesion is true?
• What is the final stage of the decontamination process in a washer-disinfector?
• What describes the correct direction of airflow in a separate decontamination room?
• What is an additional advantage of calcium hydroxide over other lining materials?
• Which one of the following options is a reason for restoring a permanent tooth but not necessarily a deciduous tooth?
• What is the main purpose of performing hand hygiene in the dental setting?
• Mouthwashes contain a variety of ingredients depending on the reason for the particular use of each one. Which one of the following ingredients is added specifically to aid healing by the elimination of anaerobic bacteria?
• Which material is acidic and may cause pulpal irritation in deep cavities?
• What distinguishes a 'B'-type autoclave from an 'N'-type autoclave?
• Which one of the following statements regarding immunisation is true?
• What action cannot be performed by an unqualified dental nurse?
• Which radiograph view is most likely to determine the presence of an unerupted lateral incisor?
• Which one of the following options shows the correct FDI charting notation for the tooth charted as the upper left deciduous canine in the Palmer system?
• Which one of the following disease processes presents as a break in the protective layer of soft tissue, leaving a raw and often painful lesion that may bleed?
• Which of the following is not a recognized method of replacing missing teeth?
• What combination of nerves must be anaesthetised for the extraction of the lower right second molar tooth?
• Horizontal bitewing radiographs are especially useful for diagnosing which condition?
• What term describes the uncontrolled spread of pus into surrounding tissues?
• Which tooth usually has the longest root of all teeth?
• When scoring during a quality assurance analysis of radiographs, some may be marked as having no errors present. Which one of the following options does this statement describe?
• Which one of the following microorganisms is not involved with the production of weak organic acids associated with enamel demineralisation?
• Which task must be carried out daily when manually processing radiographs?
• What is the major difference between resuscitation attempts in a young child and an adult?
• What is the recommended action if a dental assistant experiences a needle stick injury?
• Which luting cement acts by being mechanically adhesive to the inner surface of a crown or bridge and the tooth?
• Which of the following is a key practice to minimize the risk of cross infection?
• A class II cavity has been prepared for amalgam restoration in an upper molar tooth. Which one of the following items must be used by the operator before the filling can be placed?
• What is the average age range for the eruption of the lower permanent central incisors?
• A periodontal code 1 indicates which finding during an oral health assessment?
• What is the term used to describe the type of protection that is inherited from one's mother?
• Which one of the following options summarises the need for standard precautions to be followed at all times in the dental workplace?
• Which agent cannot be used to disinfect metallic surfaces in the clinical environment?
• Which of the following infectious conditions of a patient is most likely to infect a member of the dental team during normal chairside work?
• What processing fault is likely to result in indistinct and fogged images after processing bitewing radiographs?
• The process used to remove contamination from reusable items is called decontamination and involves four stages. Which one of the following is the first stage of this process to be carried out?
• Under IR(ME)R, what is the term that describes the necessity for the benefits of exposing a patient to ionising radiation to outweigh the risks?
• What safety precaution must be followed while replenishing the automatic processor chemical tanks?
• In orthodontic assessments, an IOTN score is used to indicate what?
• In responding to an unconscious casualty, which of the following is a critical first step?
• Which of the following diseases must all clinical dental personnel be vaccinated against before working at the chairside?
• Which one of the following options is an example of a systemic fluoride application?
• Which one of the following metals makes up the largest proportion of alloy powder in the restorative material amalgam?
• Which factor is essential to consider when analyzing the quality of radiographic images in a dental clinic?
• Which feature is specific to chronic periodontitis and not chronic gingivitis?
• Which principle should be followed to reduce the exposure of patients and staff to x-rays?
• One method of determining the effect of varying social factors on oral health in a population is to measure the DMF levels of that population. What does DMF stand for?
• What should be discussed with all patients when giving preoperative advice for orthodontic treatment?
• Which one of the following effects is often seen in patients who are diagnosed with type 2 diabetes?
• Cavity preparation in permanent teeth is often slightly different to that carried out in deciduous teeth. Which one of the following may occur during cavity preparation in a deciduous tooth only?
• Which one of the following is the usual retentive component present on a removable orthodontic appliance?
• Tooth tissues absorb x-ray rays at varying levels based on their mineral content. What term describes tissues that absorb little of the beam?
• What is the correct category of waste disposal for an extracted tooth containing an amalgam filling?
• Which one of the following options is the correct dental term used to describe the surface of a tooth furthest away from the centre line?
• Which option is false regarding the storage of digital images of teeth?
• When the skin or mucous membranes are breached by a pathogen, what is usually the last of the five signs of the inflammatory response?
• Under which circumstance must a radiation protection supervisor be appointed in a dental workplace?
• Which of the following statements about manual cleaning of reusable items is false?
• Which one of the following group of documents does not have to be stored in the radiation protection file?
• Which of the following items may be reused following suitable sterilisation?
• Which group of drugs is effective against infections caused by bacteria?
• A periapical radiograph has been taken of the lower right second premolar tooth that is undergoing endodontic treatment and root filling, and the view has been coned so that just the crown of the tooth is missing from the radiograph. Which of the following is the most likely quality assurance rating for this view?
• Which component of bacterial plaque is not always present in samples?
• What is the correct term for the process to be followed when an x-ray machine malfunctions?
• Which of the following options represents the ionising radiation regulations concerned with the safety of patients while in the dental workplace?
• What term describes the method of bony retention achieved to hold an implant in place within the jaw bone?
• In the AVPU scale, what does the 'A' stand for in terms of casualty responsiveness?
• What is the written information about the controlled area at each x-ray machine referred to by dental personnel?
• Which type of teeth are primarily responsible for grinding food?
• What is the primary purpose of hand hygiene in the dental workplace?
• Which one of the following restorative materials is not suitable for use as a temporary filling in a deciduous tooth?
• What quality assurance rating is given to a radiograph that appears completely black with no visible image?
• Various matrix systems are available for use during tooth restoration to ensure that filling materials remain in the cavity during setting. Which one of the following types of matrix system is most likely to be used when placing a composite filling in a class III cavity?
• Where will the potential first aid information regarding the fixer solution be located in a dental practice?
• In the context of radiographic quality assurance, what does a score of 3 typically indicate?
• What term describes the second condition a patient may experience during a carious attack?
• Which one of the following average age ranges shows that of the usual eruption date of the upper second permanent molars?
• The carrying out a risk assessment is a routine event in the dental workplace to ensure the health and safety of all persons on the premises. Which one of the following actions should be the first stage of those listed?
• Indirect cross infection occurs when microorganisms are transferred from a contaminated item to another person. Which technique will prevent this occurrence?
• Which microscopic cells are responsible for the production of secondary dentine following a carious attack on a tooth?
• Which one of the following options describes the most likely use of a spoon excavator during dental procedures?
• Which best describes the function of COSHH in dental practices?
• Which of the following diseases is characterized by acute inflammation of the liver?
• Which one of the following groups of signs would indicate that a casualty is suffering an anaphylactic reaction to latex?
• When viewing a dental pantomograph, where will the left maxillary molars be located on the viewer?
• Which microorganism is spiral-shaped and associated with ulcerative periodontal infection?
• Which blood vessel supplies the majority of the oxygenated blood to the oral cavity?
• Which tooth has two roots and two cusps?
• Which ingredient in toothpaste is primarily responsible for its ability to prevent tooth decay?
• What is the ideal concentration of fluoride that is artificially added to water supplies as a public health measure, in parts per million (ppm)?
• Which treatment aim can be achieved using either a functional or fixed orthodontic appliance, but not by a removable appliance?
• Which component of saliva begins starch digestion in the food bolus?
• For which purpose is a vacuum autoclave advantageous?
• Which of the following effects is not likely to be seen in a patient suffering from xerostomia?
• What is a common reason for choosing a fixed bridge over a removable partial denture?
• Which of the following is a key consideration when sizing a denture?
• Which fatal disease is caused by a viral infection that destroys the immune system?
• What is the correct term used to describe the 2m distance around the x-ray machine head during exposures?
• What describes the main role of plaque in the progression of periodontal disease rather than in caries formation?
• Which one of the following actions is the first that should be taken following a contaminated sharps injury?
• What is the most likely quality assurance rating for a coned left horizontal bitewing radiograph missing second molars?
• Candida albicans is associated with several oral diseases. Which one of the following diseases is not linked to this fungal infection?
• In the event of an x-ray machine malfunction, where should the local rules indicate the position of the machine isolator switch?