Which type of dental tissue is most affected by caries?

Caries, commonly known as dental decay or cavities, primarily affects the enamel initially. Enamel is the outermost layer of the tooth and serves as a protective barrier against external factors, including bacteria and acids produced by food and drink. When caries develop, they start by demineralizing the enamel due to the acidic byproducts of bacterial metabolism. If not addressed, the decay can progress deeper into the tooth, affecting dentin and potentially reaching the pulp.

While cementum, dentin, and pulp can also be impacted by caries, the progression typically begins at the enamel. Dentin, which lies beneath the enamel, is more vulnerable once the enamel is compromised, as it is less mineralized and has a higher sensitivity to stimuli. However, in the context of which tissue is most directly and initially affected by caries, enamel fits that description best. Therefore, identifying enamel as the most affected tissue by caries reflects an understanding of the typical progression of dental decay.