Which tooth has two roots and two cusps?

The upper first premolar is characterized by having two roots, typically one buccal (toward the cheek) and one palatial (toward the palate), and it features two distinct cusps on its occlusal surface, one for the buccal area and the other for the lingual area. This anatomy is important for its function in the dental arch, where it helps to facilitate the tearing and grinding of food.

In contrast, the lower second molar, while also having multiple roots, tends to have more cusps and is designed primarily for grinding. The lower second premolar has one root and typically one or two cusps, which distinguishes it from the upper first premolar. The upper first molar, on the other hand, usually has three roots and a larger number of cusps, making the tooth's configuration quite different from that of the upper first premolar.

Understanding the unique anatomical features of each tooth is essential for dental nursing, as it aids in identification, treatment planning, and patient education.