Which one of the following options is a fatal disease that affects the nerve tissues of the body?

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare but fatal degenerative brain disorder that affects the nerve tissues of the body. It leads to rapid neurodegeneration, typically resulting in severe cognitive decline, personality changes, and neurological symptoms such as muscle stiffness and spasms. As the disease progresses, it ultimately leads to coma and death, usually within a year of onset.

CJD is caused by prions, which are misfolded proteins that induce abnormal folding of normal cellular proteins in the brain. This results in brain damage and the characteristic symptoms associated with the disease. The impact of CJD on the nervous system makes it distinctly lethal, as it disrupts essential brain functions that are vital for life.

The other conditions mentioned do not primarily affect the nerve tissues in this way or lead to a rapid fatal outcome. For example, Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) affects the immune system, Hepatitis C primarily impacts the liver, and Swine influenza is an infectious respiratory disease. While all of these conditions are serious, they do not involve the direct deterioration of nerve tissues in the manner that Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease does.