Which of the following is NOT a common risk factor for periodontal disease?

High calcium intake is not associated with an increased risk of periodontal disease. In fact, calcium is an essential mineral that contributes to bone health, including the health of the jawbone and the teeth. Adequate calcium intake is vital for maintaining strong bones and teeth, and it is generally not considered a risk factor for periodontal disease.

On the other hand, smoking, diabetes, and obesity have all been linked to a higher risk of developing periodontal disease. Smoking can impair blood flow to the gums, reducing their ability to heal and fight infection. Diabetes affects the body's ability to use glucose, which can lead to prolonged inflammatory responses that worsen periodontal disease. Obesity is associated with systemic inflammation and can also impact oral health, making those affected more susceptible to periodontal issues.