When restoring a permanent tooth with a filling, what is the correct sequence of events?

When restoring a permanent tooth with a filling, the correct sequence of events begins with caries removal, which is essential in order to eliminate all decayed tissue. This step ensures that the site is clean and free from any detrimental bacteria that can compromise the integrity of the restoration.

Following the removal of caries, the next step is shaping the cavity. This involves preparing the tooth structure to accept the filling material, ensuring that it has the appropriate contours and retention features. Proper shaping is crucial for allowing the filling to fit securely and function effectively alongside the natural tooth structure.

Once the cavity is shaped, a lining is placed if necessary. The lining may be required to protect the pulp and provide thermal insulation, especially if the decay was close to the nerve. It acts as a barrier between the filling material and the tooth's sensitive areas, thus preventing sensitivity or potential complications.

Finally, the filling material is placed to restore the tooth's shape, function, and aesthetics. By following this sequence—caries removal, shaping, lining, and then filling—the process optimizes the chances of a successful restoration, enhancing the longevity and effectiveness of the treatment.