In which dental procedure would a rubber dam typically be used?

A rubber dam is primarily used in root canal therapy because it serves to isolate the tooth that is being treated, creating a dry and contaminant-free environment. This isolation is critical during procedures that involve the pulp and root structure of the tooth, as it prevents saliva and other fluids from interfering with the treatment and ensures better visibility for the dentist. Utilizing a rubber dam also enhances patient safety by minimizing the risk of any materials or instruments entering the throat or airway during the procedure.

In contrast, other procedures like extraction do not require such isolation since the primary focus is on removing the tooth rather than treating the internal structures. Orthodontic adjustments and teeth whitening are generally performed on multiple teeth and do not involve the same level of precision needed for root canals, which is why a rubber dam is not utilized in these cases.